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The Blackburn Type D, sometimes known as the ''Single Seat Monoplane'', was built by Robert Blackburn at Leeds in 1912. It is a single-engine mid-wing monoplane. Restored shortly after the Second World War, it remains part of the Shuttleworth Collection and is the oldest British flying aeroplane. ==Development== The Type D,〔This type designation is used by the Shuttleworth Collection, though when writing his history of Blackburn aircraft in 1968, A.J. Jackson noted that the type letter was not known〕 a wooden, fabric-covered single-seat monoplane powered by a 50 hp (40 kW) Gnome rotary engine, was built for Cyril Foggin in 1912. The design inherited some features from the earlier Mercury: it too had thin wings of constant chord with square tips of about the same span as the later Mercuries and used wing warping rather than ailerons. The wing was wire braced from above via a kingpost and below via the undercarriage, and was built up around machined I-section ash spars. The Type D also had the triangular cross-section fuselage seen on several of Blackburn's aircraft from the Second Monoplane onward.〔 It was a neater-looking machine with a shorter fuselage, cowled engine, simplified undercarriage and heavily-revised empennage. The fuselage had rounded upper decking and aluminium covering at the front. Blackburn had persisted with the Second Monoplane's Antoinette-style fin and tailplane through subsequent aircraft, but the Type D's tailplane had a much less steeply swept leading edge (though still 60°) than its predecessors and carried a divided elevator. The fin likewise was less swept though still long, and now carried a single rudder rather than the characteristic triangular pair previously used. The undercarriage featured a pair of wheels, compared with four on the Mercury, with two struts per side terminating on skids and joined by the axle and a higher transverse strut. For the first time, Blackburn fitted a rudder bar in preference to his "triple steering column".〔 The aircraft first flew late in 1912. Some modifications followed in time: the engine cowling was extended into a semicircular shape to discourage the discharge of smoke and hot oil from the rotary into the cockpit; the wing tips were slightly rounded; and the crook-shaped skids were replaced by ones of hockey stick form.〔 In 1913 the basic Type D design was developed into the two-seat Blackburn Type I. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Blackburn Type D」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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